Types of Translation (Jakobson)

In his article On Linguistic Aspects of Translation (1959), Roman Jakobson distinguishes three types of translation:

1. The intralingual translation or rewording is the interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs belonging to the same language.
2. The interligual translation or translation proper is the interpretation of verbal signs by means of verbal signs from another language.
3. The intersemiotic translation or transmutation is the interpretation of verbal signs by means of signs belonging to non-verbal sign systems.

Reference: R. Jakobson, “On Linguistic Aspects of Translation” in R.A. Brower (ed.), On Translation, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1959, pp. 232-9.